下面是小编为大家整理的你是个2b（You,are,a,2B）,供大家参考。
你是个 2b（You are a 2B）
High school classical Chinese translation techniques guide default classification 2008-08-24 22:15:53 reading 375 comment 0: big and small
Translation techniques of classical Chinese in Senior High School
Whether in the "examination instructions" or "Syllabus" are clearly defined, high school students should master the ability to translate classical Chinese sentences in modern chinese. Accurate translation of the sentence, namely ancient Chinese statement in modern Chinese vocabulary and grammar translation to provide, do the language, concise specification, fluent fluently. In 2003 2002, the college entrance examination, classical Chinese translation of subjective questions again, so many do not pay attention to the translation of the classical Chinese students lost points at a loss what to do. The author in the traditional Chinese translation of "two standard six" ("two standard": the implementation of every word, the clause to shun: "six method": keep, delete, change, transfer, compensation, cross.) Based on the characteristics of ancient Chinese and modern Chinese, the "four step translation" model is put forward in teaching practice.
First, finding the trunk is the most important".
Theoretical basis: (1) although there are great differences in vocabulary between ancient Chinese and modern Chinese, there are strict corresponding laws. In addition to the dead words and proper nouns, each ancient Chinese word can be replaced by
modern Chinese words corresponding to it. (2) although there are some changes of ancient and modern Chinese grammar, but on the whole, the same place more than different places, especially the word order change is small, generally limited to special lexical category special sentences, and most sentences in modern Chinese word order and still remain consistent.
Therefore, we can use the grammatical differences between the two, the control of modern Chinese language, the word implementation, to find out the sentence, namely "main", "predicate", "object", "set", "form", "fill", to see whether the translation requirements have sentence elements and sentences in modern Chinese whether conforms to the modern Chinese word order. Otherwise, there are situations such as inversion and ellipsis.
For example, can Ann be in urgent need of his son? ("his burglary Zhao Fu save")
In this sentence, "childe" can be used as the subject, and "urgency" can be used as predicate. "Human being"s dilemma" can be used as an object. Then what is the element of sentence? Inconsistent with the word order of modern Chinese, it shows that there is a special situation in the sentence.
The right to show the group, not the thunder pale. ("battle of Red Cliff")
In the sentence, "right" can be used as the subject, "show" can be used as predicate, "the group below" can be used as the object,
then "by"? It does not accord with the habit of modern Chinese, indicating that word translation alone can not solve the problem.
The Aizhen is not "fertile land. ("Hongmenyan")
The word "love" can be used as a predicate, "can do" treasures "fertile, the lack of the subject.
Two, "stay, change, repair, remember".
Following the law, anyone who does not have the composition and does not conform to the modern Chinese word order elements of modern Chinese sentence sentence, from the following four aspects: complete the sentences (1) left, refers to the dynasty, reign title, place names, titles and other terms, are kept fixed; (2) for the monosyllabic words in disyllabic words in modern Chinese, the use of words in Japanese lexical category words, tongjiazi word will change cost...... Where the change, will change; (3) fill, fill out the ancient saying that concise omission or implied content, especially for the ellipsis (4), refers to the special sentence of classical Chinese sentence adjusted according to the modern Chinese requirements.
"Left" such as "paoding for Wen Huijun in" the cow "," Anhui Jun "SM bachelor house" in the "SM bachelor house", "Jiayou two years", "Lu Ling Wen Tianxiang".
"Change": "false vessels, non water can also, while the vast rivers" in the "water", the noun as a verb, "swimming".
Second, "willing to be a minister, dare not be virtuous."." "Fold" (back) in chinese.
(3) "fence" (border guard) that makes Meng Tian defend the north.
4. "Ten thousand bells in my place" in "ten thousand clock" (Gao Guanhoulu).
"Supplement", such as: "childe Wen, to please, want to leave, refused to accept, said.":......" Saved in the "Hou Sheng": "the guards to stop in the halberd" in the "fan Kuai": "if the earthquake in Longxi"".
"Tune", such as: "the ancient people are not afraid of cheating."." (Shizhongshan remember)
First of all, the sentence does not conform to the modern Chinese word order, and the location of "Yu" does not conform to the standard of modern Chinese, so it is necessary to adopt the "tune" method to transfer it to the appropriate position, namely, "the ancient people do not deceive others."".
The "big eunuch of chaos, and can not easily use their, there are a few people tonight?" The tombstone of five people.
Often appear in classical Chinese word in front, attribute in the situation after the post modern Chinese attributive, generally attribute in front, in the center of the word, the sentence can be adjusted according to the modern Chinese standard, namely "can not easily Kwong of gentrification".
Three, "pay attention to rhetoric, literary grace"".
Types of rhetoric in ancient Chinese variety, such as antithesis, intertextuality, metaphor, metonymy, allusions, the classic Chinese mining striking. In ancient Chinese, there are some differences between rhetorical sentences and modern Chinese, especially the rhetoric signs of ancient Chinese are not much more than modern chinese. The rhetorical features of the target text should be taken into account in translation.
Such as: Hi, you. (notes on Yueyang Tower)
This is the intertextual sentence, above description of Dongting Lake landscape changes in relation to two people two kinds of different mood, namely "feeling very sad." and "those who carry the Beaming with Joy". But beyond this "Renren ancient" two realms, certainly not beyond the "joy", also beyond the "sad". This sentence, "" change is good or bad, people naturally can not light is "happy", "personal" experience is Shunni, feelings of natural light is not sad". Therefore, the "joy" and "sad" is "to set off each other". For intertextual translation, the two meanings of intertextuality should be clearly marked so that they can be easily understood.
It is not due to external changes and resurrection, not because of personal loss and sadness.
The lake at the southwest, is visible, the winding and zigzagging, jagged shore potential, its source unknown. ("small sokdam Ji")
This is a metaphor of the ancients, in metaphor and metaphor is between things without "as" or "or" and "and" and "like" and other words, but between the two things together, the modern people have not used. Therefore, when translating, it is necessary to increase the Related words such as "like", "like", "like", "like" and "yes".
The small sokdam looked to the southwest, like the Big Dipper like Xi body like snakes that twists and turns, stream flow, you can see it for a while it revealed disappearing, like fangs on both sides as staggered, unable to understand the source of it.
Four, high score of artistic expression"
The translation we must be flexible according to the context, through the translation, we know that translation is a basic requirement of "faithfulness", "expressiveness" and "elegance". In front of our attention to "faithfulness", "expressiveness" basis, without aliasing, no leakage, good translation; the translation requirements of civilization white, smooth, no mistakes; then the translated text word elegant, have certain literary talent. What we usually say is literal translation, supplemented by free translation, and the key is to express the original intention exactly. But the actual operation situation is more complex: if the meaning of ancient and modern one by one correspondence, word order consistent, just literal translation on the line. The key is another situation, such as the words of ancient and today, components missing thatlittle translation to full of difficult and
unpronounceable words must be used when modern Chinese knowledge, and embodies the basic requirements of modern Chinese "standard, clear and coherent", which requires translation. Free translation does not mean conjecture, so as to cover ignorance. "Of course, in classical Chinese translation," four step model "is not the root, but only a skill.
The fundamental of classical Chinese translation is usually every little bit accumulation, especially the accumulation of words, this is the hard truth. A man who has a good grounding in classical Chinese, he does not necessarily want to learn what "stay, delete, change, tune, complement, cross", but still can translate very well. However, the classical knowledge is limited for us, especially for the examination, clear the requirements of translation, master the effective method, it is very useful to us, especially after experiencing a difficult topic and translated into over time.